منابع مشابه
Navigating Shareholder Influence: Compensation Plans and the Shareholder Approval Process
Executive Overview Corporate governance research emphasizes the influence of institutional owners on company outcomes such as strategic decisions, organizational structures, and executive compensation. However, little is known about the process companies use to gain support for management-sponsored compensation plan resolutions. This article reviews prior literature linking institutional owners...
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The pattern of ownership and control of British industry is unusual compared with most other countries in that ownership is relatively dispersed. Typically the largest shareholder in any large listed company is likely to own a voting minority of the shares. Majority ownership by a single shareholder is unusual. It is not uncommon for the largest shareholding to be under 20 percent and in many c...
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We examine whether and to what extent shareholder litigation shapes corporate innovation. We use the staggered adoption of the universal demand (UD) laws in 23 states from 1989 to 2005. These laws impose obstacles against shareholders filing derivative lawsuits thereby significantly reducing a firm’s litigation risk. Following the passage of the UD laws, firms have invested more in R&D, produce...
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In this paper, we show that since 2003 there have been 75% more shareholder proposals rejected by a margin of one percent of shares outstanding than proposals that were approved by a similarly narrow margin. As a result, there is a large and discontinuous drop in the density of voting results on these proposals exactly where the majority threshold of each proposal is located. Using counterfactu...
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Surfaces play an important role in visual perception. They are perceived as ‘(perceptual) reliefs’. that are surfaces in 2 + 1D perceptual space, that is the product space of the 2D visual field and the ID ‘depth dimension’. It is in many respects irrelevant whether the observer views a true 3D scene or a flat (2D) picture of a scene. In both cases, the percepts are reliefs in 2 + ID perceptual...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: The Yale Law Journal
سال: 2003
ISSN: 0044-0094
DOI: 10.2307/3657465